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fuguing tune
The fuguing tune (often fuging tune) is a variety of Anglo-American vernacular choral music. It first flourished in the mid-18th century and continues to be composed today.
==Description==
Fuguing tunes are sacred music, specifically, Protestant hymns. They are written for a four-part chorus singing ''a cappella''. George Pullen Jackson has described the fuguing tune as follows:
:In the fuging tune all the parts start together and proceed in rhythmic and harmonic unity usually for the space of four measures or one musical sentence. The end of this sentence marks a cessation, a complete melodic close. During the next four measures the four parts set in, one at a time and one measure apart. First the basses take the lead for a phrase a measure long, and as they retire on the second measure to their own proper bass part, the () take the lead with a sequence that is imitative of, if not identical with, that sung by the basses. The tenors in turn give way to the altos, and they to the trebles, all four parts doing the same passage (though at different pitches) in imitation of the (in the ) preceding measure. ... Following this fuguing passage comes a four-measure phrase, with all the parts rhythmically neck and neck, and this closes the piece; though the last eight measures are often repeated.〔Jackson (1933:207–208)〕
A well-known fuguing tune that is typical of the form is "Northfield", written in 1800 by Jeremiah Ingalls. The text is by Isaac Watts:〔the sixth and final stanza of hymn 21, book 1 of Watts's ''Hymns and Spiritual Songs in Three Books'' (1701).〕
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